英语中,以-ly结尾的单词基本上是副词,很多人认为词尾-ly是副词的标志,但是有些单词以 –ly 结尾却通常用作形容词。
1. 一些表示人的名词加–ly构成形容词。如 friendly, manly, womanly, brotherly, sisterly, wifely, comradely, husbandly等。这类形容词一般都只用作定语,表示被修饰的名词具有某类人的性格特征。“具有……特性的”如:He spoke in a friendly way. 他说话的态度很亲切。
The boy walked with a manly stride. 那男孩走路迈着大人的步子。
2. 某些表示时间的名词加–ly构成形容词。如 timely, hourly, daily, weekly, yearly, monthly, quarterly等。表示“每小时(周、年等等)”这类形容词一般用作定语,而不作表语,不用very修饰。如:What is my weekly wage? 我的周工资是多少?
We pay a yearly visit to my uncle. 我们每年都要看望我的叔叔。
3. 某些描述性的名词加–ly构成形容词。如:lovely, likely(可能的), lively, lonely, sickly等。如:What lovely flowers those are! 那些花多么好看啊!
She is the most likely girl to win the prize. 她是最有希望得奖的女孩。
4. 某些词尾为–ly的单词,如:early, silly, ugly等。除early可作副词外,silly, ugly只能做形容词。如:You were very silly to trust him. 相信他, 你可真愚蠢。
5.常见的以-ly结尾的形容词friendly友好的---a friendly smile友好的微笑
fatherly像父亲的---a fatherly teacher一位父亲式的教师
lovely可爱的---a lovely girl一位可爱的姑娘
lively活泼的---a lively child一位活泼的小孩
lonely孤独的---a lonely traveller一位孤独的旅客
deadly致命的---a deadly blow致命的一击
silly傻的,无聊的---a silly question愚蠢的问题
orderly秩序的---an orderly mind有条不紊的头脑
manly男子气概的---a manly person具有男子气概的人
daily每日的---daily work日常工作weekly每星期的---a weekly magazine周刊
yearly每年的---a yearly income年收入daily,monthly,early
1. When it comes to the slowing economy , Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet . But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting , filing or polishing as many nails as she’d like to , either .结构:
时间状语从句:When it [主] comes [谓] to the slowing economy [宾], Ellen Spero [主] isn’t biting [谓] her nails just yet [宾] .
But the 47-year-old manicurist [宾] isn’t cutting , filing or polishing [宾]
比较状语从句:as many nails as she’d like to[主谓] , either
单词:
Manicurist n.美甲师
File n.文件 锉刀 vt.锉
Polish vt.抛光 擦亮
词组:
As A as B 和B一样A
When it comes to ... 当...到来时
Slowing economy 经济衰退
Just yet 只是 恰恰
解析:
When 引导时间状语从句
As ... as ... 引导比较状语从句
直译:当经济衰退到来时,ES没有要她的指甲。但是,47岁的美甲师不再和之前一样,剪、锉、和磨光那么多的指甲了
译文:当谈到经济发展减缓时,埃伦斯佩罗还没有处于绝望的状态,但是这位47岁的美甲师,修剪,磋磨或上色的指甲没有他希望的那么多了
重点:
As A as B 和B一样A
When it comes to ... 当...到来时
Slowing economy 经济衰退
Just yet 只是 恰恰
When 引导时间状语从句
As ... as ... 引导比较状语从句
2. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly , but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up . Spero blames the softening economy .结构:
Most of her clients [主] spend [谓] $12 to $50 weekly [宾] ,
but last month two longtime customers [主] suddenly stopped [谓] showing up [宾] .
Spero [主] blames [谓] the softening economy [宾]
单词:
client n.顾客
Longtime a.长期的
Soften vt.使变软 使减弱 变温和 变柔和
词组:
Most of 大多数
Show up 出现
Softening economy 经济疲软
直译:她的大部分顾客一周花费12美元到50美元,但是,上个月两个常客突然不再出现了。S责怪经济疲软。
译文:她的大多数顾客每星期消费12-50美元,但是上个月两名老顾客,突然不光顾了,斯佩罗责怪疲软的经济状况。
重点:
Most of 大多数
Show up 出现
Softening economy 经济疲软
3. “ I ‘m a good economic indicator , ” she says . ” I provide a service that people can do without when they’re concerned about saving home dollars . ”结构:
“ I ‘m a good economic indicator , ” she says .
”I [主] provide [谓] a service [宾]
定语从句:that people [主] can do [谓] without
时间状语从句:when they’re concerned about [主+谓] saving home dollars . ” [宾]
单词:
Indicator n.指示器
词组:
Be concerned about 关心 挂念 对...担心
解析:
That引导定语从句,修饰service,句子中不做成分
定语从句中有一个时间状语从句,由When 引导
直译:“我是一个经济指示器”她说。“我提供了一个当她们需要关心节省家庭消费时,不需要做的服务”
译文:“我是一个准确的经济指示器”她说。“当人们考虑节省点开销时,就是没有我的服务,他们也过得去”
重点:
Be concerned about 关心 挂念 对...担心
That引导定语从句,修饰service,句子中不做成分
定语从句中有一个时间状语从句,由When 引导
4. So Spero is downscaling , shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home , instead of Neiman Marcus . “ I don’t know if other clients are going to abandon me , too . ” she says .结构:
So Spero is downscaling , shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Cleveland home , instead of Neiman Marcus .
“ I don’t know
宾语从句:if other clients are going to abandon me , too . ” she says
单词:
Downscale v.缩减 降低
Middle-brow a.中等的 一班地
Suburban a.郊区的
Abandon vt.抛弃
词组:
Department store 百货商店
Be going to 打算 将要
直译:所以,斯佩罗正在缩减开支,去她C郊区房子附近的普通的D百货商店购物,而不是去NM。“我不知道,其他的顾客是否也打算离开我”她说
译文:因此,斯佩罗正在缩减开支,到位于克利夫兰郊区她家附近的普通迪拉德商场购物,而不是到内曼马库斯购物。“我不知道其他顾客是否也会抛弃我”她说
重点:
Be going to 打算 将要
5. Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hot economy is cooling , lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves .结构:
时间状语从句:Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission
同位语从句:that America’s red-hot economy [主] is cooling [谓] ,
lots of working folks [主] had already seen [谓] signs of the slowdown themselves [宾]
单词:
Admission n.进入 承认
Mission n.使命 人物 使团
Folk n.人民
Slowdown vt.减缓
Sign n.信号
词组:
Red-hot 火热
解析:
Before引导时间状语从句
时间状语从句中包含了一个同位语从句,由that引导,补充说明admission
直译:甚至,在AG承认美国火热的经济就正在降温之前,许多职场人已经看到了经济减缓信号
译文:甚至,就在艾伦格林斯潘承认美国过热经济正在降温之前,许多工薪族已经看到了经济减缓的迹象
重点:
Before引导时间状语从句
时间状语从句中包含了一个同位语从句,由that引导,补充说明admission